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Hitler Youth Quex
''Hitler Youth Quex'' ((ドイツ語:Hitlerjunge Quex)) is a 1932 Nazi propaganda novel based on the life of Herbert ''“Quex”'' Norkus.〔Rentschler (1996), p. 55〕 The 1933 film ''Hitlerjunge Quex: Ein Film vom Opfergeist der deutschen Jugend'' was based on it and was described by Joseph Goebbels as the "first large-scale" transmission of Nazi ideology using the medium of cinema.〔Rentschler (1996), (pp. 55-56 )〕 Both the book and the film, like ''S.A.-Mann Brand'' and ''Hans Westmar'', both released the same year, fictionalised and glorified death in the service of the Nazi Party and Hitler.〔Koonz (2003), p. 85.〕
==Background==
Both the novel and film are based on the real story of Herbert Norkus' life. Norkus, a Hitler Youth member, had died from injuries suffered while being chased and confronted by Communist youths in the night of 23/24 January 1932 in the Beusselkietz neighbourhood of Moabit, Berlin.〔Baird (1992), pp. 114-115〕 Already on the next morning, Joseph Goebbels began to use Norkus' death for propaganda purposes during a rally in Berlin's ''Sportpalast''.〔Baird (1992), p. 116〕 The funeral on 29 January at Plötzensee, Berlin, was turned into a major ceremony of several Nazi party organizations, under the aegis of Goebbels.〔 While the murder was condemned also by non-Nazi press, the Communists started a counter-propaganda offensive, describing the incident as an accidental result of Communist self-defence during a Nazi attack.〔Baird (1992), p. 117〕 In the subsequent trial, several people were sentenced by the ''Landgericht I'' court in Moabit, yet the most prominent accomplices Willi Simon, Bernhard Klingbeil and Harry Tack had been able to escape to the Soviet Union.〔
After the Nazis assumed power, the grave of Norkus was turned into a Nazi shrine, visited annually on New Year's Day by Nazi youth leader Baldur von Schirach for a speech that was broadcast nationwide.〔Baird (1992), p. 118〕 To the site of Norkus' death at Zwinglistraße 4,〔Baird (1992), p. 115〕 a plaque was attached reading "''He Gave His Life For Germany's Freedom''", the first of several such memorial plaques subsequently placed throughout Germany.〔 24 January was made remembrance day for all killed Hitler Youths, and the flag of Norkus' unit became the Hitler Youth's "blood flag".〔 Two weeks after the Enabling Act of 1933, a provocative Hitler Youth march to Norkus' grave took the route through Berlin's communist districts of Wedding and Moabit.〔 Throughout Germany, the Nazis organized demonstrations and speeches commemorating their newly created martyr.〔 Novels, plays, poems and songs were written about him.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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